Table 1 Pharmacokinetic parameters in sheep given ceftizoxime alone (Group I) and meloxicam co-treatment (Group II). Parameter
* P<0.05; **P<0.01Group I, Only Ceftizoxime; Group II: Ceftizoxime + MeloxicamA, zero time drug concentration at distribution phase; B, zero time drug concentration at elimination phase; α, regression coefficient fordistribution phase; β, regression coefficient for elimination phase; Cp 0, theoretical zero time plasma drug concentration; t α, half life of
distribution phase; t β, half life of elimination phase; AUC, area under the plasma concentration curve; MRT, mean residual time ; Cl total
, volume of distribution in total area under curve; K rate of drug diffusion from peripheral to central compartment; K ,
rate of drug diffusion from the central to peripheral compartment; K / K , elimination rate constant from central compartment; P/C, drug
concentration ratio in peripheral/central compartment.
Distribution of drug begins, as soon as it enters
suggested that higher CZX concentration was present in
to blood circulation and it is completed when the drug has
peripheral compartment of animals given CZX alone. This
reached all possible sites. Obviously, volume of distribution
may be due to reduced tissue distribution of CZX in
meloxicam co-treated animals. However, the mean values
properties of the drug. In the present study, Vd
of P/C ratio of CZX observed in the present investigation
II was lower than group I. It may be possible that
were much lower than P/C ratio for ceftriaxone in buffalo
administration of meloxicam along with CZX affected the
distribution of drug and most of the drug (CZX) remained
From the present study, it can be concluded that
in systemic circulation and was not transferred in other
meloxicam co-treatment enhances the plasma
body fluids. Probencid co-treatment was reported to alter
concentration of CZX possibly by reducing its tissue
the pharmacokinetics of CZX (Le Bel et al., 1983). It
distribution. However, meloxicam administration has no
increased area under the serum concentration time curve
effect on half life of CZX. Further studies are required to
by 49%. In the present study also, AUC of CZX was about
elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind present
22% higher in animals co-treated with meloxicam in
comparison to animals given CZX alone.
In the present study Cl was lower in group II
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